Option Trading – Basics and Strategies
Mr. X approaches “Y” to buy a mobile at Rs. 10,000 after a month. So Mr.”X” pays a token amount or premium Rs. 100 so that whatever the price of option after a month, Mr.”Y” is obliged to sell the mobile at Rs.10,000 to Mr.X.
The stated price per share for which underlying stock may be purchased (for a call) or sold (for a put) by option holder upon exercise of the option contract.
In the money, ITM: It is an option that would lead to positive cash flows to the holder if it was exercised immediately. A call option is ITM when spot price is greater than strike price. If the difference is huge it is called deep in the money.
Out the money, OTM: It will lead no cash flow if exercised immediately. In case of call option if strike price is greater than spot price than it is OTM. Whereas in case of put option if strike price is less than spot price it is OTM
The date on which option contract expires is expiration date or the maturity date. It is the last day on which option can be exercised. Active Options normally have a monthly or quarterly expiration cycle.
Option price is the price, which the option buyer pays to the option seller. It is also referred to as option premium. The premium depends on various factors like Strike price, Stock price, Expiration date, Volatility, Interest rate. The buyer pays premium to seller, seller has the obligation to fulfil the option terms when assigned to him.
Call Options: Buyer has the right but not the obligation to buy the underlying stock.
Put Options: Buyer has the right but not the obligation to sell the underlying stock.
- European Style – Can be exercised only on a expiry date
- American Style – Can be exercised any time prior to expiry date
- Exotic – Bermudan, Asian, Binary, Barrier etc. The exoticness of the Option can depend on price or time.
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